Topu

AnastronautnamedGaryandhisplanet-destroyingsidekickcalledMooncakeembarkonserializedjourneysthroughspaceinmeijubar.netordertounlockthemysteryofwheretheuniverseactuallyendsandifitactuallydoesexist.TheshowstartedasashortpilotonaYouTubechannelownedbyOlanRogerswhobecamepopularforhisstorytelling.

Zoey Miller, a super smart senior in high school and uninterested in romantic love, has her life turned upside down when Zack, the most popular boy in school, gets amnesia and mistakes Zoey for his girlfriend.

战场上最致命的武器不是子弹或枪炮，而是孤身一人的狙击手。本节目由在越南、伊拉克和阿富汗执行狙击任务的狙击手主持，介绍了世界上最高超的狙击手，让观众了解军事史上最伟大的猎杀背后的科学和心理。加拿大狙击手RobertFurlong首次在美国电视上讲述了自己在阿富汗的历史性猎杀——从1.5里外击中了塔利班分子。本特别节目生动地详述了狙击手掌握的导弹学、战术、武器和潜伏等关键技术，结合了访问、动画和当今射击演练，以电影的方式重现场景，使观众如身临四角瞄准镜中。Thedeadliestweapononthebattlefieldisneitherbulletnorgun;it’sthelonesniper.Journeyinsidethescienceandpsychologybehindthegreatestshotsinmilitaryhistory,throughthescopeoftheworld’smostextrememarksmen.Deconstructthemissions,rangingfromVietnamtoIraqtoAfghanistan,presentedbythemenwhowerethereandpulledthetrigger.ForthefirsttimeonAmericantelevisionCanadiansniperRobertFurlong,tellsthestoryofhishistory-makingshotinAfghanistan--strikingaTalibanfighterfrom1.5milesaway.Ballistics...Tactics...Weaponry...Stalking...Thistwo-hourspecialexaminesthesecriticalcomponentsinvividdetail,combininginterviewswithcinematicreenactments,CGIandpresentdayshootingdemonstrationstoputtheviewersquarelyinsidethecrosshairs.官方网站：http://www.history.com/shows.do?episodeId=515740&action=detail狙击手(Sniper)这个词源于1773年前后驻扎在印度的英国士兵的一种游戏，那里的士兵经常猎杀一种名叫沙锥鸟(Snipe)的敏捷的小鸟。由于这种鸟非常难于击中，因此长于此道的人被称为sniper。后来，sniper成为专业狙击手的正式叫法。真正现代意义的狙击手初现于第一次世界大战中，当时德军挑选士兵组成自由行动的狙击手，他们大多具有猎人和护林员的背景，对东西两线的英法军队和俄军造成了重大杀伤。为此，在战争末期，英军专门成立了狙击手学校以培养反狙击手人才。通常来说，狙击手分为两种：一种是受过完整正规狙击训练的具有正规编制的狙击手，另一种是在战时临时挑选的枪法准确的射手。对于一名狙击手来说，强健的身体和钢铁般的意志是必备的前提条件，而好枪法只是基本的素质而已。对于狙击手的训练，除了要求其贯彻狙击概念和熟练掌握武器系统外，还包括如何计算风差影响和测距，要学会潜伏行进，选择战术机动路线，构筑射击阵地，隐蔽地进入和撤出阵地，观测和发现隐藏的目标等。狙击手还要善于观察战区，确定可疑声音的方位，善于使用人工和天然材料进行伪装，能够迅速机动，具备忍受长时间潜伏的能力等。此外，狙击手还需要准确判读地图和战场航拍照片的能力，这往往能够帮助狙击手迅速、安全地进入和撤离阵地和战场。对于在野外“狩猎”的狙击手们来说，通常会选择两个以上的撤出路线，而安全撤退计划早在进入阵地前就已制定好了。狙击手的目标不仅仅只是杀伤对方的人员，实际上他们往往可以起到普通步兵无法达到的战术作用。例如狙击手可以通过对坦克成员、油箱、潜望镜和通讯设备的射击使其丧失战斗力；可以通过毁伤关键设备来迟滞敌方基地的作战行动等。另外，类似于弹药库、油料库、指挥部等薄弱环节也非常容易成为狙击手的高价值战术目标。作为德国国防军在二战中狙击手射杀记录第一名的马蒂亚斯•海岑诺尔，他的记录为345次猎杀。他曾经表示，衡量一个狙击手的成功之处不在于他射杀了多少人，而在于他能对敌人造成如何的影响。狙击手如果能击毙敌军军官，往往能够挫败敌人的进攻。二战中，苏军充分认识到狙击手的战术价值并加以推广。在斯大林格勒战役中，苏军狙击手使德军部队产生了很大的恐惧心理，对于打击德军的士气起到了重要的作用。据统计，二战时平均每杀死一名士兵需要2.5万发子弹。越战时平均每杀死一名士兵需20万发子弹，然而同时期的一名狙击手却平均只需1.3发。狙击手并不仅仅只能影响某一场战争的发展，有时还可能改变历史的进程。在北美独立战争中，英国军队中的帕特里克•弗格森上校倡议建立和发展的狙击手们被大陆军称为英国殖民军中最危险的部队。弗格森本人也是一位著名的狙击手，然而使他扬名的却是他那著名的“未开的一枪”：在宾夕法尼亚州的日耳曼城附近，当时弗格森在125码距离上瞄准了一名美军军官，由于这名军官转身离去，弗格森可能是因为绅士风度而没有向他后背开枪。他本来可以改变整个历史，因为被他瞄准的这个人正是领导美国独立的乔治•华盛顿。具有讽刺意味的是，弗格森本人却在1780年10月被大陆军的肯塔基步枪手在450码距离上打死，他的部队投降后，英军将领康华利将军被迫放弃了对北卡罗来纳州的进攻。与此相反的是，1777年10月7日，北美大陆军肯塔基步枪队中的一名狙击手墨菲在萨拉托加战役中击毙了率队侦察的英军将领西蒙•弗雷瑟将军。弗雷瑟的死直接影响了战局，导致英军将领约翰•伯格因的突围计划破产，萨拉托加战役由此成为北美独立战争的转折点。从某种意义上来说，狙击手墨菲射出了也许是人类历史上最有分量的一颗子弹。自从第二次世界大战以来，对狙击手的训练几乎没有什么变化：一名狙击手的基本训练时间为6个星期。这个时间的约定俗成可以上溯到第二次世界大战，当时狙击教官一般来自前线部队，他们在狙击学校呆满6周后往往要回到前线。相比之下，狙击枪械和装备的变化却日新月异，尤其是在观瞄设备上，从光学瞄准器材一路发展到红外和微光观瞄设备。现代的狙击任务一般以小组的形式完成，通常包括一名狙击手和一名观测员，后者有时候也是第二狙击手。一般来说，除了必备的狙击步枪外，狙击手的装备还可以包括手枪、伪装服、伪装油彩、望远镜、无线电通讯设备、红外或微光夜视仪、地图、指南针和食物等。为了保持长时间潜伏的隐蔽性，大部分的狙击手们都使用水袋和吸管，甚至采用流质高热量食品。二战中德军狙击手中拥有最高猎杀记录的马蒂亚斯•海岑诺尔表示，一名狙击手一定要始终专一，不能去担任除了狙击之外的任务。二战德军狙击手猎杀记录第二名的阿伦伯格则认为，冷静、自信和勇气是一名优秀狙击手的必备素质。如何测量和修正枪支的弹道，如何掌握射击的时机都需要不断地训练和积累经验。据报道，在1994年的第一次车臣战争中，车臣非法武装的狙击手对进入格罗兹尼市的俄军造成了重大杀伤。光是俄军131旅在3天中就损失了近800人和20辆坦克、102辆装甲车。据统计，在第二次车臣战争中，俄军80%的人员伤亡仍然是由车臣非法武装的狙击手造成的。对于受到狙击的部队来说，通常采用对可疑方位的火力压制来干扰狙击手的射击，同时迅速接近敌人，以寻找狙击手。寻找敌方狙击手的方法包括通过枪声、动植物的动态、子弹的射入角，甚至是猜测敌方可能采用的有利地形来判断。当然，对付敌军狙击手的最好办法是派出己方的狙击手对其猎杀。为了反制德军的狙击手，英国人在第一次世界大战期间开办了第一所军事狙击手学校。1955—1956年间，美国步兵训练学校成立了美国陆军射手训练营，这就是美军狙击手学校的前身。该校的训条主要包括：对付敌方狙击手的最佳方法是指派另一名训练有素的狙击手。对于狙击手的战术来说，发现目标是很重要的一环。猎杀对方的狙击手，有一种被称为SLLS的追踪方式，即停止(stop)，观察(look)，听(listen)，闻(smell)，其目的是时刻意识到可能会有人在监视你，而决不要贸然暴露自己。历史上最著名的狙击手之战是二战时发生在苏军军士长柴切夫和德军上校、同时也是德国狙击手学校校长的汉斯•托瓦德之间。最后是柴切夫赢得了这场对决。高手也无法永远保持不败，这正是狙击的法则。被称为“白色死神”的芬兰狙击之王西蒙•海耶虽然在苏芬战争中猎杀了505名苏军，最后还是在1940年3月6日被另一名苏军狙击手的达姆弹击中面部而退出战斗。从这一点来说，狙击战的确是最强射手之间的对决。【转自emule】

ReenactmentsdrivethisdocumentaryinvestigatingthemastermindbehindascamtosneakthekidsofrichandfamousfamiliesintotopUSuniversities.

TowinthehandofthecaliphofBagdad’sdaughter(playedbyJulanneJohnston),athief(Fairbanks)embarksonadangerousandmysticaljourneytosecurethemostdesirabletreasureimaginable.Thefilmwasapopularsuccess,andFairbanksmadewomenswoonasoneofthescreen’sfirstsuperstars.Knownforhisdashingdemeanourandincrediblestunts,Fairbanks,whowouldalso...

Whichayoungmandesperatelytriestomakeitbigwithsomeunlikelyalliesandadastardlydiabolicalplantopullofftheperfectmurder.

TheseriesfollowsJamesSt.Patrick,nicknamed"Ghost",ownerofapopularNewYorkCitynightclub.Inaddition,heisamajorplayerinoneofthecity’sbiggestillegaldrugnetworks.Hestrugglestobalancethesetwolives,andthebalancetoppleswhenherealizeshewantstoleavethedrugringinordertosupporthislegitimatebusiness.

SirDavidAttenboroughistopresentandnarrateanewlandmarkfilm,ClimateChange:TheFactsforBBCOne.Thedocumentarywillprovideanurgentlookatthescienceofclimatechangeandthepotentialsolutionstothisglobalthreat,combiningfootagethatrevealsthealreadydevastatingimpactofclimatechangeonourplanetwithinterviewsfromsomeoftheworld’sleadingclimatescientists.Afteroneofthehottestyearsonrecord,climatologistsandmeteorologistsexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonboththehumanpopulationandthenaturalworld.Scientists,includingDrJamesHansen,DrMichaelMannandProfessorCatherineMitchellwillforensicallyunpackthesciencebehindtheextremeweatherconditionsofrecentyears,whichhaveseenunprecedentedstormsandcatastrophicwildfires;aswellasdetailinghowtheacceleratingrateatwhichtheworld’siceismeltingiscausingsealevelrises,andhowdeforestationisexacerbatingtheproblemofglobalwarmingbyaddingtoCO2intheatmosphere.Thefilmwilldeliveranunflinchingexplorationofwhatdangerouslevelsofclimatechangecouldmeanforhumanpopulations,whatislikelytohappenifglobalwarmingexceeds1.5degreesandifmajorreductionsinCO2emissionsarenotmadeinthenextdecade.Thedocumentarylookstooatpotentialsolutions,exploringtheinnovations,technologyandactionstheworld’sgovernmentsandindustriesaretakingtopreventfurtherwarmingandshowcasingindividualswhoarecreatingchangeatgrassrootslevels.Inthefilm,SirDavidAttenboroughsays:"Inthe20yearssinceIfirststartedtalkingabouttheimpactofclimatechangeonourworld,conditionshavechangedfarfasterthanIeverimagined.Itmaysoundfrighteningbutthescientificevidenceisthatifwehavenottakendramaticactionwithinthenextdecadewecouldfaceirreversibledamagetothenaturalworldandthecollap搜索引擎优化foursocieties.We’rerunningoutoftimebutthere’sstillhope…Ibelievethatifwebetterunderstandthethreatweface,themorelikelyitisthatwecanavoidsuchacatastrophicfuture.”

Sixmonthsafterthefloodingofthevalleymuchofthetown’spopulationhavebeenevacuated,thoughsomeremainhopingtofindlovedonestakenbyTheHorde.Anexpert,RichardBerg,arrivestaskedwithfindingthecauseoftheflood.

Voice1(male"professionalannouncer"type):Thisneighborhood(1)wasmadeforthewretcheddignityofthepettybourgeoisie,forrespectableoccupationsandintellectualtourism.Thesedentarypopulationoftheupperfloorswasshelteredfromtheinfluencesofthestreet.Thisneighborhoodhasremainedthesame.Itwasthestrangesettingofourstory,whereasystematicquestioningofallthediversionsandworksofasociety,atotalcritiqueofitsideaofhappiness,wasexpressedinacts.Thesepeoplealsoscorned"subjectiveprofundity".Theywereinterestedinnothingbutanadequateandconcreteexpressionofthemselves.Voice2(Debord,monotone):Humanbeingsarenotfullyconsciousoftheirreallife-usuallygropinginthedark;overwhelmedbytheconsequencesoftheiracts;ateverymomentgroupsandindividualsfindthemselvesconfrontedwithresultstheyhavenotwished.Voice1 - Theysaidthatoblivionwastheirrulingpassion.Theywantedtoreinventeverythingeachday;tobecomethemastersandpossessorsoftheirownlives.Justasonedoesnotjudgeamanaccordingtotheconceptionhehasofhimself,onecannotjudgesuchperiodsoftransitionaccordingtotheirownconsciousness;onthecontrary,onemustexplaintheconsciousnessthroughthecontradictionsofmateriallife,throughtheconflictbetweensocialconditionsandtheforcesofsocialproduction.Theprogressachievedinthedominationofnaturewasnotyetmatchedbyacorrespondingliberationofeverydaylife.Youthpassedawayamongthevariouscontrolsofresignation.Ourcamerahascapturedforyouafewaspectsofaprovisionalmicrosociety.Theknowledgeofempiricalfactsremainsabstractandsuperficialaslongasitisnotconcretizedbyitsintegrationintothewhole"”whichalonepermitsthesupersessionofpartialandabstractproblemssoastoarriveattheirconcreteessence,andimplicitlyattheirmeaning.Thisgroupwasonthemarginsoftheeconomy.Ittendedtowardaroleofpureconsumption,andfirstofallthefreeconsumptionofitstime.Itthusfounditselfdirectlyengagedinqualitativevariationsofeverydaylifebutdeprivedofanymeanstointerveneinthem.Thegrouprangedoveraverysmallarea.Thesametimesbroughtthembacktothesameplaces.Noonewenttobedearly.Discussiononthemeaningofallthiscontinued...Voice2 - "Ourlifeisajourney"”Inthewinterandthenight."”Weseekourpassage..."�Voice1 - Theabandonedliteratureneverthelessexertedadelayingactiononnewaffectiveformulations.Voice2 - Therewasthefatigueandthecoldofthemorninginthismuch-traversedlabyrinth,likeanenigmathatwehadtoresolve.Itwasalooking-glassrealitythroughwhichwehadtodiscoverthepotentialrichnessofreality.Onthebankoftherivereveningbeganonceagain;andcaresses;andtheimportanceofaworldwithoutimportance.Justastheeyeshaveablurredvisionofmanythingsandcanseeonlyoneclearly,sothewillcanstriveonlyincompletelytowarddiver搜索引擎优化bjectsandcancompletelyloveonlyoneatatime.Voice3(younggirl):Noonecountedonthefuture.Itwouldneverbepossibletobetogetherlater,oranywhereelse.Therewouldneverbeagreaterfreedom.Voice1 - Therefusaloftimeandofgrowingoldautomaticallylimitedencountersinthisnarrow,contingentzone,wherewhatwaslackingwasfeltasirreparable.Theextremeprecariousnessofthemeansofgettingbywithoutworkingwasattherootofthisimpatiencewhichmadeexcessesnecessaryandbreaksdefinitive.Voice2 - Oneneverreallycontestsanorganizationofexistencewithoutcontestingallofthatorganization’sformsoflanguage.Voice1 - Whenfreedomispracticedinaclosedcircle,itfadesintoadream,becomesamererepresentationofitself.Theambianceofplayisbynatureunstable.Atanymoment"ordinarylife"�canprevailonceagain.Thegeographicallimitationofplayisevenmorestrikingthanitstemporallimitation.Anygametakesplacewithinthecontoursofitsspatialdomain.Aroundtheneighborhood,arounditsfleetingandthreatenedimmobility,stretchedahalf-knowncitywherepeoplemetonlybychance,losingtheirwayforever.Thegirlswhofoundtheirwaythere,becausetheywerelegallyunderthecontroloftheirfamiliesuntiltheageofeighteen,wereoftenrecapturedbythedefendersofthatdetestableinstitution.Theyweregenerallyconfinedundertheguardofthosecreatureswhoamongallthebadproductsofabadsocietyarethemostuglyandrepugnant:nuns.Whatusuallymakesdocumentariessoeasytounderstandisthearbitrarylimitationoftheirsubjectmatter.Theydescribetheatomizationofsocialfunctionsandtheisolationoftheirproducts.Onecan,incontrast,envisagetheentirecomplexityofamomentwhichisnotresolvedintoawork,amomentwhosemovementindissolublycontainsfactsandvaluesandwhosemeaningdoesnotyetappear.Thesubjectmatterofthedocumentarywouldthenbethisconfusedtotality.Voice2 - Theerahadarrivedatalevelofknowledgeandtechnicalmeansthatmadepossible,andincreasinglynecessary,adirectconstructionofallaspectsofaliberatedaffectiveandpracticalexistence.Theappearanceofthesesuperiormeansofaction,stillunusedbecau搜索引擎优化fthedelaysintheprojectofliquidatingthecommodityeconomy,hadalreadycondemnedaestheticactivity,whoseambitionsandpowerswerebothoutdated.Thedecayofartandofallthevaluesofformermoreshadformedoursociologicalbackground.Therulingclass’smonopolyovertheinstrumentsweneededtocontrolinordertorealizethecollectiveartofourtimehadexcludedusfromaculturalproductionofficiallydevotedtoillustratingandrepeatingthepast.Anartfilmonthisgenerationcanonlybeafilmonitsabsenceofrealcreations.Everyoneunthinkinglyfollowedthepathslearnedonceandforall,totheirworkandtheirhome,totheirpredictablefuture.Forthemdutyhadalreadybecomeahabit,andhabitaduty.Theydidnotseethedeficiencyoftheircity.Theythoughtthedeficiencyoftheirlifewasnatural.Wewantedtobreakoutofthisconditioning,inquestofanotheru搜索引擎优化ftheurbanlandscape,inquestofnewpassions.Theatmosphereofafewplacesgaveusintimationsofthefuturepowersofanarchitectureitwouldbenecessarytocreatetobethesupportandframeworkforlessmediocregames.Wecouldexpectnothingofanythingwehadnotourselvesaltered.Theurbanenvironmentproclaimedtheordersandtastesoftherulingsocietyjustasviolentlyasthenewspapers.Itismanwhomakestheunityoftheworld,butmanhasextendedhimselfeverywhere.Peoplecanseenothingaroundthemthatisnottheirownimage;everythingspeakstothemofthemselves.Theirverylandscapeisalive.Therewereobstacleseverywhere.Therewasacohesionintheobstaclesofalltypes.Theymaintainedthecoherentreignofpoverty.Everythingbeingconnected,itwasnecessarytochangeeverythingbyaunitarystruggle,ornothing.Itwasnecessarytolinkupwiththemasses,butweweresurroundedbysleep.Voice3 - Thedictatorshipoftheproletariatisadesperatestruggle,bloodyandbloodless,violentandpeaceful,militaryandeconomic,educationalandadministrative,againsttheforcesandtraditionsoftheoldworld.Voice1 - Inthiscountryitisonceagainthemenoforderwhohaverebelled.Theyhavereinforcedtheirpower.Theyhavebeenabletoaggravatethegrotesquenessoftherulingconditionsaccordingtotheirwill.Theyhaveembellishedtheirsystemwiththefunerealceremoniesofthepast.Voice2 - Years,likeasingleinstantprolongedtothispoint,cometoanend.Voice1 - Whatwasdirectlylivedreappearsfrozeninthedistance,fitintothetastesandillusionsofanera,carriedawaywithit.Voice2 - Theappearanceofeventsthatwehavenotmade,thatothershavemadeagainstus,nowobligesustobeawareofthepassageoftime,itsresults,thetransformationofourowndesiresintoevents.Whatdifferentiatesthepastfromthepresentispreciselyitsout-of-reachobjectivity;thereisnomoreshould-be;beingissoconsumedthatithasceasedtoexist.Thedetailsarealreadylostinthedustoftime.Whowasafraidoflife,afraidofthenight,afraidofbeingtaken,afraidofbeingkept?Voice3 - Whatshouldbeabolishedcontinues,andwecontinuetowearawaywithit.Weareengulfed.Weareseparated.Theyearspassandwehaven’tchangedanything.Voice2 - Onceagainmorninginthesamestreets.Onceagainthefatigueofsomanysimilarlypassednights.Itisawalkthathaslastedalongtime.Voice1 - Reallyhardtodrinkmore.Voice2 - Ofcour搜索引擎优化nemightmakeafilmofit.Butevenifsuchafilmsucceedsinbeingasfundamentallydisconnectedandunsatisfyingastherealityitdealswith,itwillneverbemorethanare-creation"”poorandfalselikethisbotchedtravelingshot.Voice3 - Therearenowpeoplewhopridethemselvesonbeingauthorsoffilms,asotherswereauthorsofnovels.Theyareevenmorebackwardthanthenovelistsbecausetheyareunawareofthedecompositionandexhaustionofindividualexpressioninourtime,ignorantoftheendoftheartsofpassivity.Theyarepraisedfortheirsinceritysincetheydramatize,withmorepersonaldepth,theconventionsofwhichtheirlifeconsists.Thereistalkoftheliberationofthecinema.ButwhatdoesitmattertousifonemoreartisliberatedthroughwhichTom,DickorHarrycanjoyouslyexpresstheirslavishsentiments?Theonlyinterestingventureistheliberationofeverydaylife,notonlyintheperspectivesofhistorybutforusandrightaway.Thisentailsthewitheringawayofalienatedformsofcommunication.Thecinema,too,hastobedestroyed.Voice2 - Inthefinalanalysis,starsarecreatedbytheneedwehaveforthem,andnotbytheirtalentorlackoftalentorevenbythefilmindustryoradvertising.Miserableneed,dismal,anonymouslifethatwouldliketoexpanditselftothedimensionsofcinemalife.Theimaginarylifeonthescreenistheproductofthisrealneed.Thestaristheprojectionofthisneed.Theimagesoftheadvertisementsduringtheintermissionsaremoresuitedthananyothersforevokinganintermissionoflife.Toreallydescribethiseraitwouldnodoubtbenecessarytoshowmanyotherthings.Butwhatwouldbethepoint?Bettertograspthetotalityofwhathasbeendoneandwhatremainstobedonethantoaddmoreruinstotheoldworldofthespectacleandofmemories.1.Thisfilm,whichevokesthelettristexperiencesattheoriginofthesituationistmovement,openswithshotsoftheParisdistrictfrequentedbythelettristsintheearly1950s.